Top Online Research Paper Writer Choices

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Gothic Element of The House of Seven Gables - 1063 Words

Among the most striking features of the Gothic genre is the style of its architectural settings. In early Gothic, these were often medievalist, involving ancient stone buildings with elaborate, â€Å"Gothic† arches, buttresses, passageways, and crypts. This was to become the mise en scene of Gothicism, replete with trappings of hidden doorways and secret chambers, incomprehensible labyrinths, speaking portraits, and trapdoors. (Allen Lloyd-Smith 7) Gothic Element of the Seven Gables The House of the Seven Gables, by Nathanial Hawthorn is filled with gothic tropes and features. Since the story takes place in the Pyncheon house or rather the Maule’s property, I will focus on the features of the house, which are gothic. That is not to say that†¦show more content†¦A few others in the Pyncheon family would find a similar death in generations to come. One of those being the Judge whose similarities to the original Pyncheon can be said to be doubling and uncanny. His desire for land and fortune is what inevitably, what led his similar death. If we move away from the land and into the house, we can find other gothic features. Within the house of the seven gables, there are several portraits. Hephzibah and Phoebe sometimes felt a presence within the Portraits. Hepzibah found herself staring at a portrait of Colonel Puritan. In one sense, this picture had almost faded into the canvas, and hidden itself behind the duskiness of age; in another, she could not but fancy that it had been growing more prominent and strikingly expressive, ever since her earliest familiarity with it as a child (63). The portraits are not actually speaking as Lloyd mentioned above, but they do not need to be in order for them to be gothic. It is that they seem to be real. For Hepzibah and Phoebe, some photos have a living quality. These inanimate objects having lifelike features are enough for them to be gothic. In the story of Alice Pyncheon, we hear her father speak with Mathew Maule negotiating for the house. This conversation seems to anger the portrait. â€Å"†¦ The ghostly portrait is averred to have lost all patience, and to have shown itself on the point ofShow MoreRelated The House of Seven Gables as a Gothic Novel Essay2774 Words   |  12 PagesThe House of Seven Gables as a Gothic Novel      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To be a paradigm of a Gothic novel, The House of Seven Gables needs to include many elements, all which center on the ideas of gloom, horror, and mystery. The action of a Gothic novel takes place in a run-down, abandoned or occupied, mansion or castle, which often include secret passages, doors, and compartments (Encarta). The mansion also adds its own flavor and variety to the atmosphere of mystery and suspense in the novel by providingRead MoreGothic Fiction Of Hawthorne And Poe Essay1919 Words   |  8 PagesGothic Fiction of Hawthorne and Poe When discussing gothic fiction many early authors come to mind, Mary Shelley, the Bronte Sisters, Bram Stoker, and Oscar Wilde, to name a few, were all exceptional European writers of this style. As for American authors, there are two names that hold top places of honor, Edgar Allan Poe, and Nathaniel Hawthorne. Poe, with his talent for lyrical, poetic prose and conveying the macabre, is considered by many to be the master of gothic fiction. However, HawthorneRead MoreThe Beating Heart Of The Seven Gables1003 Words   |  5 PagesHeart of The House of the Seven Gables Nathaniel Hawthorne extensively weaves symbolism into the pages of The House of the Seven Gables to bring the house and the items within it to life. The use of gothic elements within the house directly reflects upon the decaying of the Pyncheon family. Their once lively home stands as a constant reminder of the family’s legacy. The Pyncheon mansion strongly represents the decaying of the Pyncheon family over time. In the early 1800’s, when the house was firstRead MoreEssay about Symbols and Symbolism in The House of the Seven Gables3364 Words   |  14 Pagesin The House of the Seven Gables      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   American literature reflects life and the struggles faced during existence. Symbols are an eloquent way for an author to create a more fully developed work of art. The stories themselves tell a tale; however, an author also uses symbols to relay his message in a more subtle manner. Nathaniel Hawthorne was one of the earliest authors to use symbols as an integral part of his plots. This is clearly seen in both The Scarlet Letter and in The House of theRead MoreGothic Literature : Gothic Writing1974 Words   |  8 PagesThe history of gothic literature is a discussion of how the classic gothic literature has morphed into today’s contemporary gothic literature. From the beginning days of gothic writing one of the main focuses has been on the issues that were relevant in the county or world at the time. Most people think of gothic writings as a scary story of gloom and doom, but there are many aspects that encompass a gothic writing. The true is that there are ma ny elements to a gothic writing. The writer does notRead MoreThe House of the Seven Gables by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay6806 Words   |  28 PagesThe House of the Seven Gables by Nathaniel Hawthorne The House of the Seven Gables is a romantic novel set in a grand and rustic, old house with seven gables in New England town. The story opens with its history, beginning in the 1690s, when witch-hunting was rampant. Afterwards, it revolves around the course of one summer in the 1850s. At his housewarming party, Colonel Pyncheon, the socially noted owner of the house was mysteriously found dead in one of the rooms. AlthoughRead MoreLeaves And Survivor Essay2472 Words   |  10 Pagesvery broad and features many different types of writing styles and genres throughout time. Novels such as House of Leaves and Survivor are written in a different way than White Noise, but all still follow the basic framework of a novel. What binds the different types of novels together is the elements presented within them. They all feature many of the same literary techniques and literary elements. Even though some novels contain different styles of writing and different stories, they are all stillRead MorePuritianism and Literary Techniques in The Scarlet Letter Essay2812 Words   |  12 Pagesthe Gothic, the historical and sentimental novel. Hawthornes careful distinction between the type of fiction, the romance, and another type, called the novel, is one that we no longer observe today, when any long fiction is called a novel. But Hawthornes words guide us to the perception that he was writing about what goes on inside people, the truth of the human heart, rather than what goes on outside and around world. He called this novel a romance, not a novel. In The Custom House he suggests

Human Resource Management and Leadership

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management and Leadership. Answer: Introduction Leadership is the most crucial part of Human resource management of an organization. If you consider the organization and the employees regarding it, Leadership always plays a vital role. Likewise, the newer research in case of human resource management differs considerably from older research. Older research has always focused on administrative subjects of assortment, compensation and all. Whereas the newer research always keeps its focus on serving the strategic interest of the organization and how HRM may increase the capacity of the employees of the particular organization. These two strategies of research have developed all along together. Much of the leadership phenomena in human resource management stresses the reasoning and moving relationship among the leader and the organizational employees and thus differ leadership from the administration of objective systems. Leadership always puts a primary effect outside of the so-called administrative system of the organization. It ca n take any organization to the highest level of success. Background of the project HRM is a very important topic for the research proposal. There are many significant factors of HRM department are critically described in this proposal. In addition in this research proposal the research problem, aim, objectives and questions are critically examined. Problem The main problem of this project is to find the strategies of a leader to improve the human resource management of a particular organization. The leader will make him sufficient enough by taking the best strategies to improve the particular organization. Also there are some bigger issues rather than this where a leader will have to face more than one challenge while running a particular organization. The way of handling the challenge matters and that is where the problem arises. Moreover every organization wants put good impact upon the market, so finding the strategies of putting good impact on the market can be considered as one of the research problems here. These are the main problems which are being resolved in this research proposal. Problem statement The problem statement of HRM mainly relies upon few points: Lack of ability causes enough problems to the organization. Often the employees are unable to complete mentioned tasks within the given period(Gilbert, De Winne, Sels, 2015). There are two things which mainly affect the employees, either they lack in confidence, or just they don't have the patience to fulfill a particular task. Lack of motivation is another important issue which can harm any organization. The employees of any organization always want to be motivated by someone("HRM and Quantitatives: Decision Tree and Vector Analysis in HRM Theory", 2014). They always try to follow a person who is experienced and good enough in the particular field. If the organization doesnt have a quality leader, a huge problem will arise for the organization in the future. Lack of training, lack of consistency, lack of self-confidence of the employees of an organization is very harmful(Dessler, 2000). It severely effects the organization very often. Aim of the research The main aim of this research is to provide the best environment for the employees in the organization. Their ethical requirements are the main points to be considered. Providing a friendly environment for the employees is the prime aim of this research. Research objectives The objectives of research are as follows: To improve the human resource management of an organization the leader needs to take some strategies. These strategies have to be followed by the employees by whom they can improve themselves as well as the organization. To face any challenges in the human resource in an organization. The leader of the organization will always be ready to face any challenges along with the employees of the organization. To put an impact on business process and growth the leader must come forward in every aspect because an organizational improvement always puts a good impact on the outer market. The employees of the organization must follow the path of the leader now and then especially in this case. Research Justification It has become very difficult to see the world around us in a uni-dimensional way and use only single criteria in judging what we see. In these cases the leaders of human resource management of an organization need to take the organization to another level of success, they should achieve the goal in a disciplined way. Today mankind has replaced the old technologies with modern science methods(Ulrich, Losey, Miesinger, 2005). The usage of modern science has made the people take the best decisions in a given situation. A perfect leader of HRM of an organization will try to make anything possible to do to achieve a particular goal. Where the employees play their best role and ready to do anything that the situations demand. Literature review A literature review is one of the most important and preliminary steps of a research proposal. It is an extended report of information which we can find in many types of literature study such as, books, quotes, and journals (Mondy, Noe, Gowan, 2005). The main work of the review is to summarize, evaluate, clarify and describe the various aspects of researches. It gives a theoretical clarification for the study and it also helps to decide the nature of the research. In this research, we can find some basic points to describe the literature review, for example, the significance of leadership in human resource management, the relationship between the human resource management and leadership of an organization, Significance of leadership on human resource management Human resource management, as well as a human resource manager, is one of the most important parts of an organization(Armstrong Armstrong, 2011). Their works are more or less similar to the leaders of the organization but they only look after the employee related issues and deal with their primary requirements. On the other hand, the leaders take the responsibility of many aspects, like employee satisfaction, production procedure, customer feedback and so many. The main job of the leader of an organization is to provide the required facilities to the workers of the organization including the human resource manager and also to motivate them towards their task. Leaders of an organization are someone who is respected by all workers. The employees including the human resource managers like to follow someone who is respected by them. So it is their responsibility to maintain their self-respect among the workers. The leaders always motivate and influence the leaders. John Quincy Adams sta ted that if a leaders actions influence others to learn more, do more and to dream more, he is a successful leader. The leaders motivate the human resource manager to do their work properly and with confidence. As the human resource managers look after the employee related issues they need to be very supportive and influential towards the workers of the organization(Mathis Jackson, 2003). Thus it the responsibility of the leaders to look after the basic requirements of the human resource managers(Noe, 2006). For example, John C. Maxwell has said that the leader is someone who goes the right way, knows the right way and always shows the right way to the workers as well as the human resource managers. There are some factors or aspects that a leader should follow to motivate the workers and the human resource managers of an organization. There is no end to the learning process. So the leaders should not stop learning. That will help them to manage their workers with more skills and co nfidence. The leaders should also maintain a pleasant communication and relationship with the workers and the human resource managers. Otherwise, it will cause disobedience by the workers and human resource managers. According to Ray Krok, the qualities of a leader is always reflected in the values they place on themselves(Giuliani Kurson, 2002). Relationship between leadership and human resource management Leadership and human resource management both are equally important to run an organization successfully(Armstrong Armstrong, 2009). Both the fields are complimentary to each other. The job a human resource manager is to provide mental support and other basic requirements to the employees. Suppose if the employee is having any difficulty with his work he can ask help to the human resource manager. So the human resource manager has to be there with the workers whenever there is any difficulty or crisis and to solve it with appropriate skill and confidence(Stander Rothmann, 2009). They also need to look after other issues related to employee satisfaction. For example, if a worker is working for the extra time he is getting his overtime remuneration or not. Other than these another important task of a human resource manager is to recruit workers for an organization. So a human resource manager must have the potential to know his employees and to motivate them. Arsene Wenger has said tha t one of the most important things about managing employees is to influence them in a positive way. That is what a human resource manager is all about. Similarly, a leader of an organization has to look after some aspects which even include the employee satisfaction of workers as well as the human resource managers(Saravani, 2014). They also have to look after the production procedure of the organization as well as the customer feedback. So the basic job of both leaders and human resource manager is more or less similar which is to motivate the employees. Peter Drucker stated that management of an organization always does the things right where the leader does the right thing. Influence of the leaders to the work environment of human resource managers Another most important point of an organization is the work environment of in which the employees, as well as the human resource manager, do their job. For an organization, the work environment is the most important aspect. If the work environment is not supportive of satisfactory to the workers, then it will result in the downfall of the company or the organization. That is why it the responsibility of the leader to provide the workers and the human resource manager a better work environment(Anderson, Butler, Harbridge, 2016). Otherwise, it may cause disobedience among the workers which are obviously not good for the organization as a whole. Thomas Aquinas has said that if the main aim of a leader is to preserve his ship he would keep it in the port forever. Another aspect is included in this point which is the behavioral factor. If the leader ever behaves rudely with workers or the human resource manager, then it will create an unpleasant communication or relationship between them which will surely be harmful or the organization or the company. Arnold H. Glasow said that a great leader always takes a slightly more than his share of guilt and takes a slightly less than his share of the praise. Conceptual framework Research question What strategies need to be taken by a leader to improve the human resource management of an organization? What challenges are faced by the human resource department of an organization? How does human resource management put impacts on business process and growth? Research hypothesis This research will be proved to be very helpful in building a good leader as well as an organization. There is enough information in this research which can develop a good efficient leader. The leader then can build a perfect HRM for that particular organization. Strategies need to be followed; challenges are to be faced, and there will be an outcome which will put a good impact upon the world. You need to influence the employee by putting a good impression upon them; you must motivate them to do their duties. This will help the employees as well as the organization in their future growth. Research methodology Research approach The approach of this research is to build a perfect HRM for an organization. Developing a perfect leader is also one of the approaches to this research. There are many methods which are mentioned above already by which you will get to know how an HRM of an organization gets built up. To build a good leader we must build a group of perfect supporting stuff by motivating them, by giving them all the facilities, by setting a perfect example in front of them. That motivation, that example is none other than the leader of the organization himself or herself. Research design The research design is mainly known as the documental part of the research. The research design tells us the parts and the sub-parts like dependent variables, experimental design, research question etc. This thesis is totally dependent on the employee performance is review research design and descriptive("Rethinking Design Data", 2013). A design with details means hypothesis depends on the survey and realistic observation. On the other side, many of them want to say that literature builds the hypothesis. Sampling method The requirement and the nature of the study stay unaffected by the dimension of the sample. It suggests that the case of individual investigation has no responsibilities. Then the sample frame will be benefited from the specialties of production store of that particular organization. Besides this, the professionals don't think about the size of illustration further more. Data collection method The data collection method is known as the procedure of measuring as well as collecting information and data on directed variables. The process of data collection is recognized in a methodical fashion. It then uses individuals to give a reply to some questions and measure the result. There are two types of data collection such as primary and secondary data collection method. Primary data collection is the process when original data is collected(Alshenqeeti, 2014). Secondary data collection happens when data are collected from sources of books, websites etc. Types of analysis The thing which is used in data analysis is known as the types of analysis. For example, this project is based on building a strong leader for a human resource management of an organization, the data analysis of this research is based on observation and descriptive data analysis. Qualitative and quantitative are the two types of data analysis. Just because qualitative data analysis includes observation and description, here we have used qualitative data analysis. Research instrument When it is needed to find the strategies of any research we use research instruments. In data collection technique the tool which is used is called the research instruments. Its the responsibility of the researcher to guarantee that the chosen instrument is valid as well as reliable. In this research, the tools are reading and observation. Research Outcome In this research, you will get to know how to maintain a human resource management system of an organization by a good leader. The technique of research is more advanced today, leaders of the new generation are modern enough to learn everything perfectly. They adapt to survive. The main focused point of this research is to take the HRM of a particular organization to another level. Organization of study The organization study is as follows: Section I: This section of the project consists the introduction part which has the problem statements, research questions, research objectives and research rationale as its subparts. Section II: Conceptual framework is the main part of this section Section III: Literature review and research hypothesis are the parts of this section. Section IV: This section consists of the research methodology and Research Approach, Research design, Sampling Method, Data collection method, Types of Analysis, Research instrument as its subparts Section V: Research outcome, Gantt chart and Project budget justification are discussed here in this section. Gantt chart Project budget and budget justification The budget is mentioned for the mentioned reason Literature Review: Use of journal articles, books and online resources which are not free of cost at all. It costs $1000. Data collection: Sometimes collecting data requires some post services where electronic mail does not work. It will cost around $2000. Data Analysis: Incase of analyzing chart tables and data from other resources it takes a fair amount of money to do so. It costs $1000. In Total Conclusion The above research proposal gives us an elaborative idea on the relation between leadership and the human resource management of an organization or company, how much they are connected to each other and also how their works and performance is complimentary to each other. Not only this but this research has helped us also to learn the various aspects related to both the fields. At the end of the research or to conclude the research it must be admitted that both human resource management and the leadership is equally important for the development of a company or the organization. And both are needed to be developed as well. The difference between the mentioned fields is just that leadership is about something more extended. It acquires several extra aspects in comparison with human resource management. Though human resource management only deals with the employee related issues that is one of the most important parts of a company. Without the help of the human resource manager, the emp loyees would not be able to do their work properly. And when it comes to the decision-making process of any idea or suggestion the opinion of the human research manager is something that matters. They have the right to take the final decision. On the other hand, the leaders are responsible for more or less every aspect of the organization. They have to control their employees and also the human resource manager and also have to concentrate on the production procedure of the company and also look after the feedback of the customers. Without the help of the leaders, no employees or workers including the human resource managers would be able to do their work with proper skill and confidence. In all the above research proposal I very helpful in understanding the need of various fields, their objectives, methodology and implementation of various latest ideas to develop an organization or a company as a whole. References Alshenqeeti, H. (2014). Interviewing as a Data Collection Method: A Critical Review.ELR,3(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v3n1p39 Anderson, S., Butler, D., Harbridge, L. (2016). Legislative Institutions as a Source of Party Leaders' Influence.Legislative Studies Quarterly. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsq.12124 Armstrong, M. Armstrong, M. (2009).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. London: Kogan Page. Armstrong, M. Armstrong, M. (2011).Armstrong's handbook of strategic human resource management. London: Kogan Page. Dessler, G. (2000).Human resource management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Gilbert, C., De Winne, S., Sels, L. (2015). Strong HRM processes and line managers' effective HRM implementation: a balanced view.Human Resource Management Journal,25(4), 600-616. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12088 Giuliani, R. Kurson, K. (2002).Leadership. New York: Hyperion. HRM and Quantitatives: Decision Tree and Vector Analysis in HRM Theory. (2014).CBR,13(06). https://dx.doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2014.06.004 Mathis, R. Jackson, J. (2003).Human resource management. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-western. Mondy, R., Noe, R., Gowan, M. (2005).Human resource management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Noe, R. (2006).Human resource management. Boston, Mass.: McGraw-Hill. Rethinking Design Data. (2013).Adr. https://dx.doi.org/10.15187/adr.2013.11.26.4.7 Saravani, S. (2014). Relationship between Leadership Factors and Human Resource Empowerment from the Perspective of Education Staff in Iran.KCAJBMR,4(4), 11-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0018955 Stander, M. Rothmann, S. (2009). The relationship between Leadership, Job satisfaction and Organisational Commitment.SA J. Hum. Resour. Manag.,6(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v6i3.145 Ulrich, D., Losey, M., Miesinger, S. (2005).The future of human resource management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

The Open Boat by Stephen Crane Essay Example

The Open Boat by Stephen Crane Paper Despite the unease it elicits, nature is indeed indifferent to human concerns. Western Civilization holds principles of fairness, justice and equality in high esteem. But a study of history would not reveal the triumph of these principles in any reasonable measure. Conversely, the forces of nature play a dominant role in determining the fates and prospects of human lives. To a lesser degree, fortuitous circumstances of life, as in being born into privilege and wealth, also play a major role. Hence, helplessness is an apt description of the human condition of various eras of the past. In this scenario, random fortune, on the one hand, and brutal determinism, on the other hand, squeeze whatever an individual could achieve through his/her free, creative and industrious will. In this essay, The Open Boat – a short story published by Stephen Crane in 1897 – will be studied in this philosophical context. The essay will concur with the core suggestion of the story, nam ely, that Nature is indifferent to human suffering. But this fact does not need to be viewed pessimistically, for in coming to terms with the workings of Nature, and through their own efforts, humans can relate to it in harmony. The story is based on a near-death shipwreck experience that Crane survived off the coast of Florida. The work stands out for its technical excellence. Such literary devices as irony, imagery and symbolism are infused into the storyline. But its inclusion in the American literary canon is largely due to its humanist thrust and its ethical ponderings. It deals with such themes as survival, humanitarianism and the challenge posed to humans by nature (Eye 65). The character of the Correspondent in the story – the doppelganger for the author – asks several important philosophical questions: â€Å"†If I am going to be drowned–if I am going to be drowned–if I am going to be drowned, why, in the name of the seven mad gods who rule the sea, was I allowed to come thus far and contemplate sand and trees? Was I brought here merely to have my nose dragged away as I was about to nibble the sacred cheese of life? It is preposterous. If this old ninny woman, Fate, cannot do better than this, she should be deprived of the management of men’s fortunes. She is an old hen who knows not her intention. If she has decided to drown me, why did she not do it in the beginning and save all this trouble?† (Crane). We will write a custom essay sample on The Open Boat by Stephen Crane specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Open Boat by Stephen Crane specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Open Boat by Stephen Crane specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The authorial intent is deepened by such parallels in other key literary works. For example, a similar question could easily have been raised by Odysseus in the Odyssey as he navigated the seas for ten long years, though it would have extracted quite a different response. This is so, because â€Å"in Homer’s world the outcomes of Odysseus‘ situation are determined by responsive and involved gods, whereas in The Open Boat the four companions must face an impersonal and indifferent nature as the greatest determining force† (Meacham p.44). The most powerful statement of the short story is the negligible influence individuals have over the vagaries of Nature. This is evident in the very first line that starts: â€Å"None of them knew the color of the sky†, reflecting the unpredictability and hopelessness that torment the hearts of the â€Å"four poor waifs†, as they are set afloat in a small rowboat in frigid, hostile and shark-infested ocean waters. In the beginning, upon pondering the shock and awe induced by their situation, they feel that the forces of nature seemed to have conscious intentions, as their fortunes keep fluctuating rapidly. At times, the forces of nature seem to help the struggling men by blowing them in the direction of the shore and also offering seaweed clumps for support. But during other moments of their arduous journey, â€Å"the sea appears like a wild animal, consciously trying to overturn the boat and send its crew to a watery ending† (Meacham 43). But eventually, th ey come to the conclusion that the seven gods are neither really mad nor antagonistic to their cause. The truth seems to be somewhat more frightening than the two possibilities – â€Å"even worse than the existence of a higher power intent on their destruction – the higher power has no intentions for them at all† (Meacham 43). The existential disinterest of nature is evidenced only after prolonged struggle. This sentiment is succinctly captured by the following passage: â€Å"He soon discovers that any particular wave mastered was not â€Å"the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water†; it is only a wave and soon there will be another.† A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats† The four are silent in the struggle; neither optimism nor hopelessness is expressed† (Dooley 15). The Open Boat, alongside other of Crane’s critically acclaimed works such as Maggie (1893) and George’s Mother (1896) seem to suggest environmental determinism as the norm – a condition that could nullify human agency. This assessment is borne by several of Crane’s journalistic pieces as well. But a careful reading of The Open Boat actually opens up a fresh perspective. The story is seen to stand for the value of human endeavor and the significance of human solidarity amid the indifference of the cosmos. Crane’s experiences in the American West can be partly credited for the mature philosophy of human action that is displayed in the short story. The story â€Å"reaffirms the value of the resourceful human effort characteristic of Crane’s western tales and, in addition, offers the possibility of real success and genuine comradeship born of joint effort† (Dooley 14). In the chaos and utter distress of the situation the four men fou nd themselves in, rancor and mistrust could easily have played spoilsport. But instead, what they showed was solidarity and co-operation. It is an extremely tough but fair trial of wits and determination. In what must stand as testimony to human volition and will, they manage to survive this exacting ordeal, albeit with the exception of one companion. Works Cited Crane, Stephen. The Open Boat and Other Tales of Adventure. New York: Doubleday McClure Co., 1898. Print. Dooley, Patrick K. â€Å"The Humanism of Stephen Crane.† The Humanist Jan.-Feb. 1996: 14+. Print. Eye, Stefanie Bates. â€Å"Fact, Not Fiction: Questioning Our Assumptions about Crane’s â€Å"The Open Boat.†Ã¢â‚¬  Studies in Short Fiction 35.1 (1998): 65. Print. Meacham, Meredith. â€Å"Contemplating Sand and Trees in â€Å"The Open Boat† and the Odyssey.† The Humanist May-June 2006: 43+. Print. The Open Boat – Context. Web. 2nd June, 2012.