Seven Strategies to Provide Help for Teachers

Seven Strategies to Provide Help for Teachers Most teachers are eager to learn, want to improve, and work hard at their craft. Some are more natural than others and innately understand what it takes to be an effective teacher. However, there are many teachers that need time and assistance in developing the skills it takes to be an outstanding teacher. All teachers have areas where they are strong and areas in which they are weak. The best teachers will work hard to improve in all areas. Sometimes a teacher needs assistance in identifying their strengths and weaknesses as well as a plan to improve. This is a crucial part of a principal’s job. A principal should know each teacher’s individual strength and weaknesses. They should develop a plan for providing help for teachers that focus on areas that need improvement. There are many ways that a principal can provide help for teachers. Here, we examine seven strategies that a principal may use in developing a plan of improvement for each teacher. Identify the Essential There are many areas that a teacher must be solid in to be an effective teacher. Being ineffective in one area often has an effect on other areas. As a principal, it is vital that you narrow the focus to what you consider being the biggest areas of need. For example, you may be working with a teacher in which you have identified six areas that need improvement. Working on all six areas at once will be overwhelming and counter-intuitive. Instead, identify the two that you believe are most prominent and start there. Create a plan that focuses on improving in those top areas of need. Once those areas improve to an effective level, then you can create a plan to work on other areas of need. It is critical that teacher understands that you are trying to help them throughout this process. They must trust that you have their best interest in mind. A strong principal will build a relationship with their teacher that allows them to be critical when they need to be without hurting a teacher’s feelings. Constructive Conversation A principal should have in-depth conversations on a regular basis with their teachers about the happenings in their classroom. These conversations not only give the principal perspective about what is happening in the classroom, they allow the principal to give helpful suggestions and tips through informal conversation. Most young teachers especially are sponges. They want to improve and seek out knowledge of how to do their job better. These conversations also are significant trust builders. A principal who actively listens to their teachers and works to create solutions to their problems will gain their trust. This can lead to helpful conversations that can immensely improve a teacher’s effectiveness. They will be more open when you are critical because they understand you are looking out for what is best for them and the school. Video/Journaling There are occasions in which a teacher may not see something as an area in which they need to improve. In this case, it may be advantageous for you to video a series of lessons so that they can watch it back to understand what you are seeing in your observations. Watching video of your teaching can be a powerful tool. You will be surprised at what you learn about yourself as you watch the tape back. This can lead to powerful reflection and realization that you do need to change to your approach in how you teach. Journaling can also be an exceptional tool to help a teacher improve. Journaling allows a teacher to keep track of different approaches they have used and to compare their effectiveness days, months, or even years later. Journaling allows to teachers to look back at where they were and see how much they have grown over the course of time. This self-reflection can spark a desire to continue to improve or to change an area in which the writing helps them realize they need to make changes. Model the Skills Principals are supposed to be the leaders in their building. Sometimes the best way to lead is to model. A principal should never be afraid to put a lesson together that focuses on an individual teacher’s weakness and then teach that lesson to the teacher’s class. The teacher should observe and make notes throughout the lesson. This should be followed up with a healthy conversation between you and the teacher. This conversation should focus on what they saw you do in their lessons that many of their lessons often lack. Sometimes a teacher simply needs to see it done right to understand what they need to change and how they are supposed to do it. Set up Observations With a Mentor There are teachers that are experts at their craft who are willing to share their insights and experiences with other teachers. This can be powerful in many different areas. Every young teacher should be given the opportunity to observe an established veteran teacher and have them serve as their mentor. This relationship should be a two-way street where the mentor could also observe the other teacher and provide feedback. There are so many positives that can come out of this type of relationship. A veteran teacher may be able to share something that clicks with the other teacher and sets them on the path of them becoming a mentor someday themselves. Provide Resources There are so many resources that a principal can provide a teacher that focuses on every possible area in which they may struggle. Those resources include books, articles, videos, and websites. It is essential to give your struggling teacher a variety of resources that provide multiple strategies for improving. What works for one teacher may not work for another. After giving them time to look through the material, follow it up with conversations to see what they took from the resources as well as how they plan to apply it to their classroom. Provide Specific Professional Development Another way to provide help for teachers is to give them professional development opportunities that are unique to their own individual needs. For example, if you have a teacher that struggles with classroom management, find an outstanding workshop which deals with classroom management and send them to it. This training can be invaluable to improving a teacher. When you send them to something you hope that they are able to gain valuable, applicable insights that they can immediately bring back to their classrooms and apply.

The Legacy of Darwins On the Origin of Species

The Legacy of Darwins On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species on November 24, 1859 and forever changed the way humans think about science. Its not an exaggeration to say that Darwins landmark work became one of the most influential books in history. Decades earlier, the British naturalist and scholar had spent five years sailing around the world aboard a research ship, H.M.S. Beagle. After returning to England, Darwin spent years in quiet study, examining plant and animal specimens. The ideas he expressed in his classic book in 1859 did not occur to him as sudden bursts of inspiration, but were developed over a period of decades. Research Led Darwin to Write At the end of the Beagle voyage, Darwin arrived back in England on October 2, 1836. After greeting friends and family he distributed to scholarly colleagues a number of specimens he had collected during the expedition around the world. Consultations with an ornithologist confirmed that Darwin had discovered several species of birds, and the young naturalist became fascinated with the idea that some species seemed to have replaced other species. As Darwin began to realize that species change, he wondered how that happened. The summer after returning to England, in July 1837, Darwin began a new notebook and took to writing down his thoughts on transmutation, or the concept of one species transforming into another. For the next two years Darwin essentially argued with himself in his notebook, testing out ideas. Malthus Inspired Charles Darwin In October 1838 Darwin re-read Essay on the Principle of Population, an influential text by the British philosopher Thomas Malthus. The idea advanced by Malthus, that society contains a struggle for existence, struck a chord with Darwin. Malthus had been writing about people struggling to survive in the economic competition of the emerging modern world. But it inspired Darwin to begin thinking of species of animals and their own struggles for survival. The idea of survival of the fittest began to take hold. By the spring of 1840, Darwin had come up with the phrase natural selection, as he wrote it in the margin of a book on horse breeding he was reading at the time. In the early 1840s, Darwin had essentially worked out his theory of natural selection, which holds that organisms best suited to their environment tend to survive and reproduce, and thus become dominant. Darwin began writing an extended work on the subject, which he likened to a pencil sketch and which is now known to scholars as the Sketch. The Delay in Publishing On the Origin of Species It is conceivable that Darwin could have published his landmark book in the 1840s, yet he did not. Scholars have long speculated on the reasons for the delay, but it seems that its simply because Darwin kept amassing information he could use to present a lengthy and well-reasoned argument. By the mid-1850s Darwin began working on a major project  that would incorporate his research and insights. Another biologist, Alfred Russel Wallace, was working in the same general field, and he and Darwin were aware of each other. In June 1858 Darwin opened a package sent to him by Wallace, and found a copy of a book Wallace had been writing. Inspired in part by the competition from Wallace, Darwin resolved to push ahead and publish his own book. He realized he could not include all his research, and his original title for his work in progress referred to it as an abstract. Darwins Landmark Book Published in November 1859 Darwin finished a manuscript, and his book, titled On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races In the Struggle for Life, was published in London on November 24, 1859. (Over time, the book became known by the shorter title On the Origin of Species.) The original edition of the book was 490 pages, and had taken Darwin about nine months to write. When he first submitted chapters to his publisher John Murray, in April 1859, Murray had reservations about the book. A friend of the publisher wrote to Darwin and suggested he write something quite different, a book on pigeons. Darwin politely brushed that suggestion aside, and Murray went ahead and published the book Darwin intended to write. On the Origin of Species turned out to be quite a profitable book for its publisher. The initial press run was modest, only 1,250 copies, but those sold out in the first two days of sale. The following month a second edition of 3,000 copies also sold out, and the book continued selling through successive editions for decades. Darwins book generated countless controversies, as it contradicted the biblical account of creation and seemed to be in opposition to religion. Darwin himself remained mostly aloof from the debates and continued his research and writing. He revised On the Origin of Species through six editions, and he also published another book on evolutionary theory, The Descent of Man, in 1871. Darwin also wrote prolifically about cultivating plants. When Darwin died in 1882, he was given a state funeral in Britain and was buried in Westminster Abbey, near the grave of Isaac Newton. His status as a great scientist had been assured by the publication of On the Origin of Species.

Marketing Plan for Victoria's Secret Case Study

Marketing Plan for Victoria's Secret - Case Study Example Other important applications include informing the details of the company to the sales personnel, suppliers and others so that they become aware of company's goals and achievements. Let's look at the essential elements of marketing plan Victoria's secret. The launch proposal for Victoria's secret would be as below mentioned. Feasibility study is an important phase in the Victoria's secret development process. It enables the advertiser to have an assessment of the product being launched. It refers to the feasibility study of the product in this case Victoria's secret in terms of outcomes of the product, operational use and technical support required for implementing it. The best media to promote Victoria's secret would be electronic media like Television and Internet. The below are the feasibility study for the media like electronic and internet. Economic Feasibility: It refers to the benefits or outcomes. We are deriving from the product as compared to the total cost we are spending for developing the product. If the benefits are more or less the same as the older system, then it is not feasible to develop the product. In the present system, the development of the new product greatly enhance the accuracy of the system and cuts short the delay in knowing the brand to the general public as well. The errors can be greatly reduced and at the same time providing great level of security. Hence, we do not need any additional equipment except advertising strategy of required capacity. No need of spending money on Victoria's secret for maintenance because the database used is web enabled database. Operational Feasibility: It refers to the feasibility of the product to be operational. Some products may work very well at design and implementation but may fall in the real time environment. It includes the study of additional human resources required and their technical expertise. Technical Feasibility: It refers to whether the software that is available in the market fully supports the Victoria's secret's advertising. It studies the pros and cons of using particular software for the development of the ad and its feasibility. It also studies the additional training need to be given to the people to make the advertisement.. To stay in the present marketing world a company should have good customer support services. The competition among companies is high and they to stay at the top they are using aggressive marketing strategies. The operational management and the Human Resource (HR) departments have a bigger role to play in the development of the respective companies. The quality of the product should always be of high standard. The service side concentrates mainly on providing knowledge about the brand to the guilible buyers. Buyers care section plays an important role on deciding how good a company and should be taken seriously at all times. To become a multinational company the management has to expand its units across the country. As company and its other units are slowly expanding so does the problems are increasing

Are Rising U.S. Tensions with Russia and China Signs of a Return to Research Paper

Are Rising U.S. Tensions with Russia and China Signs of a Return to the Cold War - Research Paper Example 4. The missile defense system has caused Russia to deploy its ballistic missiles across Europe. 5. China and Iran have a close eye on US movements in Afghanistan, and its trembling relations with Pakistan. There are negligible or no chances of a second cold war among US, Russia and China because: 1. The three nations are matured and developed to make a mistake they made long ago. 2. It is not in the strategic interest of the three nations that such a war takes place. 3. There is much at stake, and a lot to lose if the war eventually breaks out. 4. US has its hands full with Afghanistan and Pakistan, it will risk going to war with a super power which can cause irreparable damage. 5. Iran is of significant concern to US at the moment. Americans will not risk Iran becoming a nuclear power for notorious reasons. Let us consider the chances of another cold war erupting among the Three Titans. The first cold war started in 1945 and went on till 1991, with the eventual defeat of the Soviet Union. The named cold war comes from the ability of nations to be in a state of war without direct military involvement. Military action is to be avoided because of the fact that it would bring a nuclear catastrophe to the nations’ door step. ... War.1 The question in one’s particular mind would arise that if there is no military involvement, then how is it possible to be in a war situation? These battles are fought through military coalitions, strategic conventional force deployment, and nuclear arms race. The rivalry is also seen at the level of sports and technology. The most famous technological competition between US and Russia is the Space Race. Military alliances such as the US led NATO and the Soviet Union led Warsaw Pact agreements were enforced to display military might.2 Considering the current situation between the Titans, we can asses that an environment is being built towards such a catastrophe. China seems to be very upset with the US movements in Afghanistan and its influence in the political mainstream of Pakistan. On the other hand, Russians are strongly condemning the US movements on the European soil. Its move to deploy Missile shields have irritated the Russians to an extent that led to a Georgian pounding some time back. Georgia is an ally of the US, but at the time when Russia was all out thrashing it, the Americans could only sit and watch the show because any US move would have been at the cost of war with Russia. The story of conflict does not end with Europe or Pakistan, Missile Shield or the US movements in Afghanistan. The three nations are of very different opinion on the matter of Iran. The Islamic republic of Iran is accused by the US of developing nuclear weapons or the WMDs. Iran suggests that its nuclear program is for civilian reasons and it has the right to use nuclear technology for civilian reasons. The US has tightened its sanctions on Iran and is threatening it to go to any limit possible to stop it from developing nuclear weapons. The extent could be by bombing its

Womens Role in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

Womens Role in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Huckleberry Finn has many prominent female characters. They all serve different roles, some are caretakers and, others are dependents. The individual women are very independent and sometimes more dominant than men, while the women in groups rely on men. The individual women, such as the Aunts, Miss Watson, and Widow Douglas, were all self-sufficient, hard working women. They were all educated, and have high morels. None of them could easily be scammed; although Aunt Sally was mislead, she questioned the actions of Huck and Tom. They did truly care about the boys, which is shown in Aunt Polly, Toms guardian, and Miss Watson and Widow Douglas, Hucks guardians. They put themselves second in order to give the boys a good home, but never ask for compensation. Even after Tom left Aunt Pollys house, she did not reject him, she straightened Huck and Toms identities out and scolded them for their mishaps. In her household, Aunt Sally dominated over her husband, Uncle Phelps. She was able to hold him responsible for anything and he would take the blame then fix the problem. She had the respect of every family member because her duty was to keep the household in order. The single women had strong characters and morels but did not lack concern for others. Women in groups were portrayed as unwise, overly trusting, and simple. The Wilks sisters, Mary Jane, Susan and Joanna, relied on their uncles, who were two con men trying to take advantage of them, when their father died. They put total trust in the uncles. Enough trust to give the uncles all their money to be invest. They were dependent because they had never been without a guardian and have no way of knowing what to do in that situation. They depended on the men in their lives to make a living, so when two men step up and take the role they did not question it. When they realized they had been deceived, they were disappointed but ended up having their real uncles to care for them. Mary Janes innocence is shown by her reaction to the separation of the slave family; she spends hours crying and pitying them but never did anything to help the situation. The three sisters represent women in units that were depicted as foolish and innocent. Women in Huckleberry Finn are both naive, in groups, and intelligent, as individuals. The women have opposite roles in the adventure. Some are used to make Huck an appalling character and others are to display his respectable qualities. More of the women are self-reliant than contingent on others.

Based loosely on an interpretation of the painting by Kevin Sinnott :: Drama

Based loosely on an interpretation of the painting by Kevin Sinnott called â€Å"Running Away with the Hairdresser†. The performance was based on the idea of running towards, and reaching, Earthfall Drama Essay During the week spent in the Earthfall residency, we produced a performance based loosely on an interpretation of the painting by Kevin Sinnott called â€Å"Running Away with the Hairdresser†. The performance was based on the idea of running towards, and reaching, your dreams and ideas for a perfect life. Kevin Sinnott’s work is largely based on emotions and human relationships; he deals with personal experiences and expresses them through his artwork. Each of his paintings has an individual theme which enables viewers of his piece to come up with their own understanding of how it relates to their personal emotions. The painting, â€Å"Running Away with the Hairdresser†, has two themes both running away with the hairdresser and leaving the past behind. We incorporated both these themes into our performance through two different physical portrayals, firstly the hairdressing motif and running away scene. These are the scenes which reveal and visualise the true understanding of the themes and morals of the performances. This performance was centred around the art of dance and physical movement. These techniques were linked into our performance by Earthfall from different artists. We used skills from the company DV8 who base themselves on physical theatre portraying a particular emotion. These provided the stimulation for the main running away section, adding a lively and contemporary twist, which the audience could take in and develop individual interpretations for the reasons behind running away. Thus proving, like DV8, the idea that there is no official meaning of the performance. The use of physical movement and gestures also reflected more meaning on the audience, and not only that, allowed them the ability to experience others personal outlooks on their reasons behind running away and what they would like to achieve from doing so. The ideas also inspired the dream sequence within are performance, as like DV8, this piece of theatre was formed on radical and eccentric personal ideas. However it was worked within our routine so that it fitted comfortably in with the themes and morals. Earthfall’s work is concerned with seeking a personal honesty, passion and economy in physical performance to produce quality work of depth, they used this idea to motivate us and encourage us to come up with our own ideas from personal experiences and dreams. They then used these to create a performance relevant to us pupils, through the use of monologues which allowed us a chance to express ourselves and also

Psychodynamic Personality Theories Analysis Essay

There are a number of diverse scientific personality theories. All theories are a reflection of their author’s personal backgrounds, childhood experiences, philosophy of life, interpersonal relationships, and unique manner of looking at the world (Feist & Feist, 2006). Personality differences among theorists account for fundamental disagreements between those who lean toward the quantitative side of psychology; behaviorists, social learning theorists, and trait theorists; and those inclined toward the clinical and qualitative side of psychology: psychoanalysts, humanists, and existentialists (Feist & Feist, 2006). Individual Psychological Theory Individual Psychological theory is defined as, a modified system of psychoanalysis, developed by Alfred Adler, that views maladaptive behavior and personality disorders as resulting from a conflict between the desire to dominate and feelings of inferiority (Agnes, 2004, p. 751). Individual Psychology affects individual personalities in many ways. According to Boeree, (2006), Freud’s defenses provide protection of the Ego against instinctual demands, whereas Adler’s safeguards protect the self esteem from threats by outside demands and problems of life. It is not against instinctual demands that people have to safeguard themselves, it is that their self esteem is suffering, because they have a feeling that they cannot meet the demands of life that come from the outside. Defenses are used both to provide protection of the Ego against instinctual demands [the Freudian idea is that the Id doesn’t want to feel pain so it motivates the Ego to use defense mechanisms to defend it from anxiety], and as a safeguard to protect the self esteem from threats by outside demands and the many problems of life. Defense mechanisms are ways in which the Ego deals with conflicts within the psyche. Adler believed that feelings of inferiority, mostly subconscious, combined with compensatory defense mechanisms played the largest role in determining behavior, particularly behavior of the pathological sort. Adler’s theory of individual psychology stressed the need to discover the root cause of feelings of inferiority, to assist the development of a strong Ego and thereby help the individual eliminate neurotic defense mechanisms. Individual Psychological Influence on Interpersonal Relationships Social problems of adulthood are the realities of friendship, comradeship and social contact; those of one’s occupation or profession; and those of love and marriage. It is failure to face and meet them directly which results in neurosis and perhaps in mental ill-health [which has been defined in simple terms as: madness, badness and sadness]. â€Å"It has been well said that the neurotic turns half-away from life, while the insane person turns his back on it; it may be added that those possessed of sufficient social courage face it!† (Boeree, 2006). There is only one reason for a person to side-step to the useless side: the fear of defeat on the useful side – his flight from the solution of one of the social problems of life. If the person is unprepared for social living he will not continue his path to self-actualization on the socially useful side; instead of confronting his problems he will try to gain distance from them. Analytical Psychology Analytical psychology was developed by a colleague of Freud named Carl Gustav Jung. Jung believed that each of us is motivated not only by repressed experiences but also by certain emotionally toned experiences inherited by our ancestors (Feist & Feist, 2006). It was also Jung’s belief that it was those inherited images that made up what he called the collective unconscious. The basic assumption of his theory is that the most important part of the normal human psyche is the personal unconscious. However, for the psyche to be whole there must be consistent communication between the unconscious and conscious parts. The principle that dreams show emotions, ideas, and beliefs is also crucial. Although individuals may not be aware of these feelings, they should be because they will be expressed through visual metaphors, personalized vocabulary and most exclusively their dreams. Analytical psychology is based on the concept that there is a difference between the personal and collective unconscious. According to Jung, our collective unconscious is made up of archetypes that are common to all people. The most inclusive archetype is the notion of self-realization, which can only be achieved by attaining a balance between various opposing forces of personality (Feist & Feist, 2006). Objects RelationsMelanie Klein, is known for the modern theories of object relations, which mainly pairs the mother as the principal object. Klein studied children from a very early age and she thought the age between four to six months was critical in the development of object relations. This stage is when the infant’s drives of hunger, sex, and needs are directed to an object. Examples of these objects include; breast, vagina, and penis. If the child receives what they want from the object, they will accept and love the object, but if they are not getting what they want, they will reject the object. Many theorists including Klein agree that failure to develop relationships early in life will result in relationship issues in the future. Object Relations Theory developed by Melanie Klein is an offspring to Freud’s instinct theory, but it differs because it places less emphasis on biologically based drives and more importance on consistent patterns of interpersonal relat ionships. Object relations theory tends to be more maternal, stressing the intimacy and nurturing of the mother. Object relations theorists generally see human contact and relatedness-not sexual pleasure-as the prime motive of human behavior (Feist & Feist, 2006). Psychoanalytic Social Theory Psychoanalytic Social Theory was developed by Karen Horney. This theory affects individual personalities by the culture of the individual. Horney believed that, while genetics were important to personality, cultural experiences were more important. These experiences determined whether someone was normal or neurotic. All individuals required certain needs, such as love and affection. Whether or not these needs were met affected the individual’s relationship with others. This theory influences interpersonal relationships by way of how basic hostility and anxiety change relationships. People either move away from others, towards them, or against them. When the defenses are based on normal reactions, they are spontaneous. When they are based on neuroses, they are compulsive and destructive (Feist and Feist, 2006). Interpersonal Theory’s Affect on Individual Personalities The interpersonal theory is the communication between two people that is more than just a spur of the moment conversation. This theory of conversation will set goals for a  person that they want to accomplish with their interpersonal relationship. The Interpersonal Theory of conversation achieves messages that â€Å"offer to initiate, define, maintain, or further a relationship† (Daintan.qxd). The communication that is included in the Interpersonal Theory can motivate a person’s personality and traits to influence the person’s action to be positive or negative. This could be determined by what kind of outcome they are trying to achieve or the goals they want to reach. The way that an Interpersonal Theory can affect someone is â€Å"a depressed person’s negative interpersonal behavior causes other people to reject them†(Nemade n.d.). This action creates a cycle for the depressed person to have their symptoms get worse because of the rejection that they receive from the other people. The depressed person wants reassurance from these people that have rejected them and without this reassurance will become more depressed. The Interpersonal treatment by a psychologist helps to reverse the cycle for the depressed person with reassurance in interpersonal communication which will included in their treatment plan for most depressed type of personalities in people. Conclusion Theories vary from one theorist to another depending on the personal experiences the thinker has created. While each theory has many things in common, each theory also has its own identifiable markings. Freud with his Psychoanalytical Theory, Adler with his Individual Psychology Theory, Jung and his Analytical Psychology Theory, Klein and her Object Relations Theory, Horney with her Psychoanalytic Social Theory and finally Sullivan and his Interpersonal Theory. Each theory is influenced by its creator’s perceptions and understandings of the world around them. References Agnes, Michael (2004). Webster’s New World College Dictionary (4th ed.). Cleveland, Ohio:Wiley Publising. Boeree, G. C. (2006). Personalities Theory/Alfred Adler. Retrieved July 24, 2009, fromhttp://webspace.ship.eduDainton.qxd (9-16-2004) Explaining Theories of Interpersonal Communication retrieved July 20, 2009 Website http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/4984_Dainton_Chapter_3.pdfFeist, J. & Feist, G. (2006). Theories of Personality (6th Edition). [University of PhoenixCustom Edition e-text]. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from University of Phoenix,rEsource, PSY405- Interdisciplinary Capstone Course Web site. Klee, T. D. (2009). Object Relations Theory. Retrieved July 26, 2009, from Object Relations: http://www.objectrelations.org/orkey.htmNemade, R. (n.d.) Depression: Major Depression and Unipolar Varieties retrieved July 23, 2009 website http://www.sevencounties.org/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=13003&cn

Higher education be emphasizing in developed countries Essay

The reports around the world that follow shall present the actual situation of people around the world as they face the challenges of being able to gain the possibility of receiving the privilege of taking higher education in consideration. From: g83 9/8 p. 30 Watching the World ? American government statistics show that one in every four students who enter a U. S. public high school as freshmen will not receive a diploma four years later. A review of the class of 1981, for example, shows that of the nearly 3. 8 million students who enrolled as freshmen four years earlier, over one million failed to graduate. Experts at the National Center for Education Statistics report that most of them simply dropped out of school. From: g83 9/8 p. 30 Watching the World ? What about the echelons of higher education? The FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) has uncovered at least 38 mail-order â€Å"universities† in the United States, Canada and Europe that offer â€Å"diplomas and medical degrees for a fee without requiring their graduates to do any school work or even attend classes,† reports The Globe and Mail of Toronto, Canada. A medical degree can be bought for as little as $600 (U.S. ), but in at least one case, a Ph. D. costs $5,000. None of these â€Å"universities† actually exist, says the FBI, and many addresses turned out to be mail-service agencies, which forwarded the mail to a New York City apartment. Who are the â€Å"graduates†? They include â€Å"a high-ranking Washington official, a National Football League player, employees of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and state, municipal and federal employees in the United States,† says the report. From: g76 9/8 p. 31 Watching the World? In New York State, the deans of eight medical schools warned that the cost of training doctors has risen so much that in the future the profession may be only for the children of the rich. Soaring tuition fees and other costs, as well as cuts in federal and state aid to such schools, have put a medical education beyond the budget of most poorer families. In 1973 more than half the applicants to these schools were from families with incomes of less than $12,000 annually. Last year, only 32 percent were. From: w82 7/15 p. 13 Education—What It Costs, What It Offers ***? Some wonder whether they should direct their children toward a university education. Why? In a poor country, a university education may seem the best way to get ahead. It may appear to offer financial security, and even more. A Nigerian educator said: â€Å"Fathers . . . want their children to become medical doctors, engineers, architects, accountants in order to raise the social status of their families. † From: w82 7/15 p. 13 Education—What It Costs, What It Offers ? The Nigeria Daily Times referred to the financial cost: â€Å"Communities have taxed . . .themselves heavily; parents have forgone luxurious and sometimes badly needed items, while gainfully employed youths have put in substantial parts of their earnings, all in a bid to ensure that their children, wards and themselves partake of the fruits of higher education. † From the reports that were presented herein, it is noticeable enough to understand that eventhough education as it is was able to become strongly encouraged by the governments and the learning institutions themselves to be taken advantage by the society, the said service of learning in terms of higher education has been too much costly for some members of the society. Moreover, the situation could be noted as a primary problem that should be noted especially by the government administrations of the developing countries. Making education a feasible matter of progress shall indeed ensure a country of a better future ahead. Like for example, making trade-based vocational courses available for the less fortunate is one particular process by which a certain type of higher education could be attained by those individuals who are economically challenged. Many parents feel that the potential benefits of a university education are not worth the possible horrendous costs, especially where the children would have to go unsupervised to another city or country. Instead, they direct their children toward some trade. For example, while in secondary school, are there courses in various trades that could help a youth to learn a skill that would enable him to make a living after he graduates? In some lands, there are specialized trade schools of about a year’s duration where skills can be learned, or those begun in secondary school can be more highly developed. Tertiary learning may at all be essential to the growth of the entire society today. However, considering the fact that most institutions offering the said programs offer the said learning advancements at a heightened cost, the national progress being tried to attain through education may be in a hard manner to be gripped.

Report on Tesco Essays

Report on Tesco Essays Report on Tesco Essay Report on Tesco Essay All corporations have to work at expanding themselves within the region as well as internationally. They have to work at framing and adapting different strategies in order to reach optimum success. This report analyzes the external environment and scans it thoroughly so that strategies can be implemented and adopted later on. Company Background Tests is a company that originated from the ELK, but has now expanded globally. Starting from Worcestershire, it is now operating within Asia, Europe as well as USA. Back in the year 201 2, Tests had 2975 stores within the United Kingdom which brought in a revenue of 64. 5 billion pounds per annum. By 2014, these stores have expanded within 14 countries with 6531 stores. Tests also offers other services like insurance, online shopping and banking. Vision and Core Values The vision of the organization is the addition of an important position in the minds of the clients they serve, community altogether, keen and steadfast staff and the shareholders. The organizations visions is to develop and change themselves into a creative and present day association through applying their aptitudes all internationally. The core value of Tests is to expand its retail organization which would help to convey the organizations core purpose. In addition, the organization lives up to expectations devotedly to win clients faithfulness and to make brand value. 2. 0 Strategic Position With a large number of stores, Tests ranks amongst the global giants. The principle of strategy of Tests and their strategic position is the design of the shareholder value with the help of focus and innovation upon the customer satisfaction. Their strategic position is based on their seven principle theory which includes: Nurturing business primarily within the entire United Kingdom Achieving strengths in all departments Retailing all over the world successfully Serving the society with premium advantages Defining values and purposes with the help of team work Becoming the founder of new brands Expanding internationally and globally 2. 1 Passionately Political Factors The political system of every country Tests expands within has an effect on the company. Tests is also bound to the European legal system There will be multiple employment regulations Economic Factors Tests has the effect of exchange rates on all its revenue Any decline in European market could cause damage to Tests Socio-cultural Factors Bulk shopping Trend of eating out Increase in aging population Increase in female workers Technological Factors Enhanced operations Enhanced communications Strong online presence Saving of time and money Environmental Factors Increased pressure on environmental awareness Organic food provisions Legislative Factors Tests is bound to legal policies Competition creates price wars There is a strong need for product differentiation 2. 2 Porters Five Forces Michel E. Porter has created five powers through which the organization can recognize its position in the business and figure out if the position of the organization is more aggressive than the others. He has recommended that the appeal of the business sector can be measured through the long haul degree of profitability of the firm. The significant five strengths of the model are discussed as below. 2. 2. 1 Threat of Substitute Product and Services In the retail business, the danger for the substitute items is typically low for the food items and medium for the non-food items. However if there should be an occurrence of the food items the risk of substitute items is high with respect to the non-food things there are little chains of comfort stores. Be that as it may these accommodation stores, off permit and natural shops are not considered as the real danger for the general store like Tests. Then again, to face these issues Tests is opening more stores in the remote region to offer the helpful transportation framework for the clients. 2. 2. 2 Threat of New Entrants To come in the sustenance retail industry, Tests needs gigantic measure of UAPITA interests so as to be aggressive and to make a solid brand name. Thus, the risk of new participants in the nourishment retail industry is moderately low. The greater part of the brands that have effectively caught the sustenance retail showcase in UK are Tests, Kingsbury, SAD and Morrison comprising of more than 80% of all shopping in the ELK. This is likewise backed by the string brand picture of the current organizations who as of now have caught a great deal of devoted clients through their prevalent strategies and methodologies. 2. 2. Competition among the Existing Companies The power Of the opposition among the current organizations in the retail business in UK is to a great degree high as there are a ton of organizations with high capital venture and solid approaches. These contenders like Waitress, Morrison, Kingsbury and SAD are continually attempting to switch clients from one another over value, items and advancements irregularly. As the major contenders like aforementioned brands have picked up the development of their business impart however the general business sector development is moderate. This shows that this enormous player in the retail business is catching the clients bringing them from different contenders, so the opposition gets more serious. Then again, a few organizations like Laid and Lid are likewise offering generally low value items who need to catch the clients amid the monetary down turn and they picked up a development of 25% amid the financial retreat of 2008. 2. 2. 4 Bargaining Power of Buyers As there are a considerable measure of rivals in the business, the clients have the choices with zero exchanging expense to move from one organization to others. In this way, the position of the clients is unequivocally high in the event of dealing force. On the off chance that the clients find that the cost of the results of an organization is generally modest contrasted with different organizations that offer the same quality then the clients will move to that organization. Here, in the retail business, the clients need both the lower cost and quality items. Along these lines, all the organizations in the retail business need to accentuate on keeping the cost moderately judicious keeping the quality high. 2. 2. 5 Bargaining Power of the Suppliers In the retail business in UK, the suppliers position is not all that solid. This is on account of the top general store organizations like SAD, Tests and Sunbursts have contract with the suppliers and suppliers dread losing the agreement with these huge organizations. Therefore the suppliers dont have a solid position if there should arise an occurrence of the bartering force. Notwithstanding this, the suppliers consider giving the supplies to the top general store as one Of the opportunities for the business development. 2. 3 SOOT Analysis 2. 3. 1 Strengths Tests has a strong financial position. Tests operates globally (Retail Business Review, 201 2) The sales of Tests are more than its competitors Brand image of Tests is coupled with reliability and superior quality Tests has the largest online supermarket within UK The market share of Tests is up to 13% 2. 3. 2 weaknesses The company is dependent upon the I-J The company is not enough diversified geographically The prices at Tests are higher as compared to other multinational organizations Transportation costs are also higher as compared to other resources 2. 3. 3 Opportunities Entry into the Asian market can lead to greater diversification The online community is growing, bringing in more sales for Tests Multiple business strategic alliances can help Tests grow stronger 2. 3. 4 Threats Financial crisis within Europe Heavily competitive retail market Decline in income and increase in unemployment Presence of Walter and Careful 2. 4 Strategic Capabilities There are two strategic capabilities of Tests: 1. Resources 2. Competence Base Any superior performance needs to be evaluated in the way by which the resources of the company are used for creating competence within the activities of an organization. Competence within Tests includes processes or activities that have the power of effectively underpinning the competitive advantage of the company. Tests therefore has the capability of recognizing its competitive rivals, achieve market power and position, and thus ultimately focus on advantage. 2. 5 Conclusion of Strategic Strategy Overall it can be concluded that Tests has a great influence within the European market, but it needs to look into global expansion more seriously in order to avoid being cut off from the bottom if in case economic crisis strikes thin Europe.

The Future Perfect Tense in Spanish

The Future Perfect Tense in Spanish The future perfect tense is normally used to refer to an event or action that hasnt happened yet but is expected or predicted to occur before another occurrence. In a sentence such as By this time tomorrow, I will have left, will have left is in the future perfect tense. In English, the future perfect tense is expressed, as in the example above, by using will have (or shall have) followed by the past participle. The Spanish future perfect tense is formed in much the same way as Englishs: the future indicative form of haber followed by the past participle. So I will have left would be habrà © salido. An Example: Estudiar in Future Perfect Tense Using the past participle of estudiar (to study) as an example, here is the full conjugation of the future perfect tense: habrà © estudiado - I will have studiedhabrs estudiado - you (informal singular) will have studiedhabr estudiado - he, she, you (formal singular) will have studied)habremos estudiado - we will have studiedhabrà ©is estudiado - you (informal plural, seldom used in Latin America) will have studiedhabrn estudiado - they, you (formal plural) will have studied Examples of the Future Perfect In these sample sentences, the Spanish and English perfect tense are used in much the same way. Habrà © visto  pronto esta pelà ­cula un millà ³n de veces o algo asà ­. (I soon  will have seen this film a million times or something like that.)La universidad habr perdido ms de 6.000 alumnos en el 2016, segà ºn un estudio. (The university will have lost more than 6,000 students by 2016, according to a study.)Si defendemos nuestro paà ­s habremos ganado el futuro. (If we defend our country, we will have gained the future.)Casi 50 millones de trabajadores habrn muerto de sida en este aà ±o si no mejora el acceso a los medicamentos. (Almost 50 million workers will have died of AIDS this year if we dont improve access to medicine.) Suppositional Use of the Future Perfect Because the future tense in Spanish can sometimes be used to indicate likelihood or supposition, the same is true when haber is used in the future tense. In such cases, the future perfect tense can often be translated as must have, may have, or might have to refer to something that has already occurred: Paula habr sabido nada de à ©l. (Paula must have known nothing about him.)Habrs visto la nueva pgina web que escribà ­. (You must have seen the new web page I wrote.) ¿Adà ³nde habrn ido mis caros amigos? (Where might my dear friends have gone to?)No sà © lo que ha pasado. Se habr roto el motor. (I dont know what has happened. Perhaps the motor got broken.)  No sà © que habr pasado. (I dont know what could have happened.) Note that in these suppositional statements, the grammatical future tense is used to events that happened (or might have happened) in the past. In the negative form, typically by using no, the future perfect forms a sort of rhetorical statement or question. In other words, the statement or question becomes less speculative and assumes agreement by the listener. No habrn perdido la esperanza en este mundo. (They couldnt have lost hope in this world.)No sà © de dà ³nde habrn salido estos datos. (I dont know where this data might have come from.)No habremos comprendido la importancia de las instrucciones. (We couldnt have understood the importance of the instructions.) A Related Tense: The Conditional Perfect In Spanish, the future and conditional tenses are closely related; in fact, the conditional tense is sometimes known as the future hypothetical. As such, the conditional perfect is often used in sentences of the type shown in these examples to indicate a conjecture. Si hubià ©ramos comido la pizza, habrà ­amos tenido ms energà ­a. (If we had eaten the pizza, we would have had more energy.)Si fueran inteligentes, habrà ­an sabido que era una broma. (If they were intelligent, they would have known it was a joke.) As with the future perfect, the conditional perfect as a speculative tense can refer to past events (or supposed past events). Key Takeaways The future perfect is formed by using the simple future tenses of haber followed by a past participle.The Spanish future perfect can be used in much the same way as the English future perfect, which takes the form of will have verb participle.Because the simple future tense can be used in Spanish to make speculative statements, the same can be done with the future perfect.

How economic factors affect international businessConsidering this Essay

How economic factors affect international businessConsidering this make evaluation of the possible investment opportunities a - Essay Example For this paper, the economic elements to be discussed are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross National Product (GNP), Human Development Index (HDI), Inflation, Deflation, Unemployment levels and Privatisation. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Evaluating the GDP of a country is arguably the best way to understand the dynamics of a country’s economy. The GDP as an economic indicator measures the total output of country. It is inclusive of everything produced by the people and all the industries in the country. The GDP of a country has an effect on global firms in that, a multinational company wishing to make new investments or analyse the performance of the foreign subsidiaries would use the GDP per capita to make comparison of the GDP of different countries. A country’s GDP gives a clear reflection of what the country’s output is and the GDP growth rate tells you exactly how fast a country’s economy is growing (Hamilton & Webster, 2012, p.79). A global firm wou ld thus make informed decisions based on the GDP. Although the GDP is a good indicator of economic performance, it has its fatal flaws. For instance, the output generated in a country from the underground economy is not accounted for in calculations. The GDP also ignores the productive non-market activities of a country. In addition, certain â€Å"economically bad† activities can increase the value of the GDP whilst at the same time reducing social welfare. This makes it an inappropriate measure of social welfare. Gross National Product (GNP) The GNP is also a measure of the country’s economic performance. It measures the total market value of the goods and services produced by within a country’s borders within a given time period (usually one year). Unlike the GDP measure, the GNP measures only the income supplied to the economy by the residents, whether at home or abroad. GNP can be a good measure for use by international businesses to measure economic growth but it can be misleading due to its shortcomings. Since GNP is a viable option for measuring overall demand, the GNP of a country can affect the levels of demand in a country and hence affect the performance of the global firms. Despite being an important tool in evaluating economic investment viability for global firms, the GNP statistic has its shortcomings. In measuring economic development, the GNP statistic may pose problems in that the exchange rates vary on a daily basis hence the real value of goods is difficult to estimate. The GNP also hides the wealth distribution in a country and reveals minimal information about the quality of life and social welfare in a country which are key aspects of the economy when considering a country as being conducive to conduct business. Human Development Index (HDI) The human development index is a statistical measure of the social and economic dimensions of a country. It is a composite measure of the economic and social welfare which incorp orates the indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income. This three main components of HDI are useful for global businesses seeking to invest in foreign countries. A good measure of HDI is a sign of good education and a healthy population with good standards of living. This in turn serves as a good market with potentially high demand to global businesses seeking to expand into such a country. The reverse being true. The HDI, therefore, can have a positive or negative effect on a business